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政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)術(shù)語
馬克思主義政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) Marxist political economics
馬克思主義政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的方法 methods of Marxist politicaleconomics
古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) classical economics
空想社會(huì)主義 utopian socialism
勞動(dòng)過程 labour process
生產(chǎn)力 productivity
生產(chǎn)關(guān)系 relations of production
生產(chǎn)方式 mode of production
勞動(dòng)對(duì)象 objects of labour
勞動(dòng)資料 means of labour
體力勞動(dòng) manual labour
腦力勞動(dòng) mental labour
經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ) economic base
上層建筑 super structure
生產(chǎn) production
交換 exchange
分配 distribution
消費(fèi) consumption
經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律 economic law
基本經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律 basic economic law
唯物辯證法 materialist dialectics
科學(xué)抽象法 scientific abstraction
歸納和演繹法 induction and deduction
經(jīng)濟(jì)制度 economicsystem
簡(jiǎn)單協(xié)作 simple cooperation
工場(chǎng)手工業(yè) manufacture
產(chǎn)業(yè)革命 Industrial Revolution
機(jī)器大工業(yè) modern mechanical industry
資本主義工業(yè)化 capitalist industrialization
資本主義所有制 capitalist ownership
資產(chǎn)階級(jí) bourgeois
無產(chǎn)階級(jí) proletariat
經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)制 economic mechanism
計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy
市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) market economy
自然經(jīng)濟(jì) natural economy
商品經(jīng)濟(jì) commodity economy
原始社會(huì) primitive society
奴隸社會(huì) slave society
封建社會(huì) feudal society
資本主義社會(huì) capitalist society
馬克思主義政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的方法 methods of Marxist politicaleconomics
古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) classical economics
空想社會(huì)主義 utopian socialism
勞動(dòng)過程 labour process
生產(chǎn)力 productivity
生產(chǎn)關(guān)系 relations of production
生產(chǎn)方式 mode of production
勞動(dòng)對(duì)象 objects of labour
勞動(dòng)資料 means of labour
體力勞動(dòng) manual labour
腦力勞動(dòng) mental labour
經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ) economic base
上層建筑 super structure
生產(chǎn) production
交換 exchange
分配 distribution
消費(fèi) consumption
經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律 economic law
基本經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律 basic economic law
唯物辯證法 materialist dialectics
科學(xué)抽象法 scientific abstraction
歸納和演繹法 induction and deduction
經(jīng)濟(jì)制度 economicsystem
簡(jiǎn)單協(xié)作 simple cooperation
工場(chǎng)手工業(yè) manufacture
產(chǎn)業(yè)革命 Industrial Revolution
機(jī)器大工業(yè) modern mechanical industry
資本主義工業(yè)化 capitalist industrialization
資本主義所有制 capitalist ownership
資產(chǎn)階級(jí) bourgeois
無產(chǎn)階級(jí) proletariat
經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)制 economic mechanism
計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy
市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) market economy
自然經(jīng)濟(jì) natural economy
商品經(jīng)濟(jì) commodity economy
原始社會(huì) primitive society
奴隸社會(huì) slave society
封建社會(huì) feudal society
資本主義社會(huì) capitalist society
社會(huì)主義社會(huì) socialist society
共產(chǎn)主義社會(huì) communist society
具體勞動(dòng) concrete labour
抽象勞動(dòng) abstract labour
價(jià)值量 amount of value
個(gè)別勞動(dòng)時(shí)間 individual labour time
社會(huì)必要?jiǎng)趧?dòng)時(shí)間 socially necessary labour time
勞動(dòng)價(jià)值理論 labour theory of value
供求規(guī)律 law of the supply and demand
競(jìng)爭(zhēng)規(guī)律 law of the competition
價(jià)格機(jī)制 price mechanism
價(jià)值規(guī)律 law of the value
通貨緊縮 deflation
通貨膨脹 inflation
紙幣流通規(guī)律 law of the circulation of paper money
紙幣 paper money
貨幣流通規(guī)律 law of the circulation of money
價(jià)值符號(hào) symbols of value
信用貨幣 credit money
貨幣形式 money form
一般等價(jià)物 universal equivalent
相對(duì)價(jià)值形式 relative form of value
一般價(jià)值形式 universal form of value
等價(jià)形式 equivalent form of value
總和的或擴(kuò)大的價(jià)值形式 total or expanded form ofvalue
簡(jiǎn)單的或偶然的價(jià)值形式 elementary or accidental form ofvalue
價(jià)值形式 form of value
社會(huì)勞動(dòng) social labour
私人勞動(dòng) individual labour
勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率 labour productivity
復(fù)雜勞動(dòng) complex labour
簡(jiǎn)單勞動(dòng) simple labour
商品 commodities
商品交換 exchange ofcommodities
價(jià)值 value
交換價(jià)值 exchange value
使用價(jià)值 use value
資本 capital
資本總公式 general formula for capital
商品流通 circulation of commodities
勞動(dòng)力 labour power
勞動(dòng)力的使用價(jià)值 use value of the labourpower
勞動(dòng)力價(jià)值 value of labour power
雇傭勞動(dòng) hired labour
雇傭勞動(dòng)制度 hired labour system
勞動(dòng)過程 labour process
價(jià)值形成過程 process of creating value
價(jià)值增殖過程 process of producing surplus value
工作日 working day
必要?jiǎng)趧?dòng) necessary labour
剩余勞動(dòng) surplus labour
剩余價(jià)值 surplus value
不變資本 constant capital
可變資本 variable capital
剩余價(jià)值率 rate of surplus value
計(jì)件工資 piece wages
計(jì)時(shí)工資 time wages
名義工資 nominal wages
實(shí)際工資 real wages
絕對(duì)剩余價(jià)值 absolute surplus value
相對(duì)剩余價(jià)值 relative surplus value
超額剩余價(jià)值 extra surplus value
個(gè)別價(jià)值 individual value
社會(huì)價(jià)值 social value
剝削 exploitation
資本主義簡(jiǎn)單再生產(chǎn) capitalist simple reproduction
資本主義擴(kuò)大再生產(chǎn) capitalist reproduction on extended scale
資本原始積累 primitive accumulation of capital
資本技術(shù)構(gòu)成 technical composition of capital
資本價(jià)值構(gòu)成 value composition of capital
資本有機(jī)構(gòu)成 organic composition of capital
失業(yè) unemployment
相對(duì)過剩人口 relative surplus population
絕對(duì)過剩人口 absolute surplus population
流動(dòng)的過剩人口 floating surplus population
潛在的過剩人口 latent surplus population
停滯的過剩人口 stagnant surplus-population
資本集中 centralization of capital
資本積聚 concentration of capital
資本主義積累的歷史趨勢(shì) historical tendency of capitalist accumulation
資本主義積累的一般規(guī)律 general law of capitalist accumulation
成本價(jià)格 cost price
利潤(rùn) profit
利潤(rùn)率 rate of profit
平均利潤(rùn) average profit
平均利潤(rùn)率 average rate of profit
產(chǎn)業(yè)利潤(rùn) industrial profit
商業(yè)資本 commercial capital
商業(yè)利潤(rùn) commercial profit
借貸資本 loan capital
利息 interest
職能資本家 functional capitalist
銀行資本 banking capital
銀行利潤(rùn) profit of bank
資本主義地租 capitalist rent
級(jí)差地租 differential rent
絕對(duì)地租 absolute rent
超額利潤(rùn) extra profit
自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)資本主義 laisser-faire capitalism
壟斷資本主義 monopoly capitalism
圈地運(yùn)動(dòng) enclosure movement in England
生產(chǎn)集中 centralization of production
壟斷 monopoly
壟斷資本 monopoly capital
壟斷價(jià)格 monopoly price
壟斷利潤(rùn) monopoly profit
壟斷組織 monopolies
帝國(guó)主義 imperialism
短期價(jià)格協(xié)定 temporary price agreement
辛迪加 syndicate
卡特爾 cartel
托拉斯 trust
康采恩 konzern(concern)
國(guó)家壟斷資本主義 state monopoly capitalism
羅斯福新政 Rossevelt’s New Deal
福利國(guó)家制度 welfare state system
持股公司 holding company
資本主義基本矛盾 basic contradiction of capitalism
生產(chǎn)社會(huì)化 socialization of production
資本循環(huán) circuit of capital
資本周轉(zhuǎn) turnover of capital
產(chǎn)業(yè)資本 industrial capital
產(chǎn)業(yè)資本家 industrial capitalist
職能資本 functional capital
產(chǎn)業(yè)資本 industrial capital
貨幣資本 money capital
生產(chǎn)資本 productive capital
商品資本 commodity capital
流通過程 process of circulation
資本周轉(zhuǎn)速度 velocity of turnover of capital
資本周轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間 time of turnover of capital
流通時(shí)間 time of circulation
固定資本 fixed capital
流動(dòng)資本 circulating capital
固定資本磨損 wear and tear of fixed capital
有形磨損(物質(zhì)磨損) visible damage
無形磨損(精神磨損) moral depreciation
折舊 depreciation
預(yù)付資本 advanced capital
年剩余價(jià)值率 annual rate of surplus value
個(gè)別資本 individual capital
社會(huì)資本 social capital
社會(huì)資本的再生產(chǎn) reproduction of the social capital
社會(huì)總產(chǎn)品 aggregate social product
生產(chǎn)資料 means of production
消費(fèi)資料 means of subsistence
經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī) economic crisis
生產(chǎn)相對(duì)過剩 relative overproduction
危機(jī) crisis
蕭條 Depression
停滯膨脹 stagflation
生產(chǎn)無政府狀態(tài) anarchy of capitalist production
資本主義再生產(chǎn)的周期性 cyclical fluctuation of capitalist reproduction
固定資本更新 replacement of fixed capital
金融資本 financial capital
金融寡頭 financial oligarch
參與制 system of holdings
需求管理 demand management
財(cái)政政策 public finance policy
稅收政策 tax policy
財(cái)政支出 fiscalexpenditure
財(cái)政收入 fiscal revenues
時(shí)延 time lag
自動(dòng)穩(wěn)定器 built-in stabilizer
財(cái)政赤字 fiscal deficit
貨幣政策 monetary policy
公開市場(chǎng)業(yè)務(wù) open-market operations
法定準(zhǔn)備金率 legal reserve rate
再貼現(xiàn)利率 rediscount-rate
政府債券 government bond
資本主義國(guó)有化 capitalist nationalization
資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃化 planning incapitalist economy
反壟斷法 antitrust law
馬克思主義經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)著作在中國(guó)的傳播 dissemination of Marxist economic works in China
新民主主義經(jīng)濟(jì) new_democratic economy
新民主主義革命 new_democratic revolution
新民主主義三大經(jīng)濟(jì)綱領(lǐng) three general economic programmes for the Chinese new_democracy
公營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì) public economy
中國(guó)土地改革 land reform in China
從資本主義向社會(huì)主義的過渡 transition from capitalism to socialism
過渡時(shí)期多種經(jīng)濟(jì)成分 manifold economic sectors in the transition period
沒收官僚資本 confiscation of bureaucrat capital
穩(wěn)定物價(jià) stabilizing commodity prices
過渡時(shí)期總路線 general line for the transition period
中國(guó)的社會(huì)主義改造 socialist transformation in china
中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)的社會(huì)主義改造 socialist transformation of agriculture in China
農(nóng)業(yè)合作化 agricultural cooperation movement ofChina
農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)互助組 agricultural producers' mutual aid team
農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)合作社 agricultural producers' cooperative
初級(jí)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)合作社 elementary agricultural producers’cooperative
高級(jí)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)合作社 advanced agricultural producers’cooperative
中國(guó)手工業(yè)的社會(huì)主義改造 socialist transformation of the handicraft in China
中國(guó)資本主義工商業(yè)的社會(huì)主義改造 socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce in China
贖買政策 policy of redemption
中國(guó)過渡時(shí)期國(guó)家資本主義 national capitalism ofthe transition period in China
公私合營(yíng) joint state-private ownership
中國(guó)的社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段 primary stage ofsocialism in China
社會(huì)主義社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度 economic system ofsocialist society
社會(huì)主義生產(chǎn)方式 socialist mode ofproduction
計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy
社會(huì)主義基本經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律 basic economic law ofsocialism
按勞分配規(guī)律 law of distribution according to work
社會(huì)主義社會(huì)的生產(chǎn)資料所有制 owership of the means of production of socialist society
社會(huì)主義國(guó)家所有制 socialist state ownership
社會(huì)主義國(guó)營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì) socialist state operated economy
集體所有制 collective ownership
社會(huì)主義合作經(jīng)濟(jì) cooperative economy in socialist society
城鎮(zhèn)集體所有制經(jīng)濟(jì) collective economy in cities and towns
個(gè)體經(jīng)濟(jì) individual economy
私營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì) private sector of the economy
中外合營(yíng)企業(yè) Chinese-foreign joint ventures and co-operative enterprises
外商獨(dú)資企業(yè) exclusively foreign-owned enterprises
人民公社 people’s commune
社會(huì)主義社會(huì)的公共財(cái)產(chǎn) public property insocialist society
社會(huì)主義社會(huì)的個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn) individual property in socialistsociety
物質(zhì)鼓勵(lì)和精神鼓勵(lì)相結(jié)合 combination of material reward andmoral encouragement
社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) socialist market economy
計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy
市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) market economy
公司 corporation
股票 equity
市場(chǎng) market
金融市場(chǎng) financial market
勞動(dòng)市場(chǎng) labor market
市場(chǎng)失靈 market failure
國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 gross domestic product
中央銀行 central bank
商業(yè)銀行 commercial bank
充分就業(yè) full-employment
經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng) economy growth
通貨膨脹 inflation
通貨膨脹率 inflation rate
通貨緊縮 deflation
社會(huì)保障 social insurance
社會(huì)福利 social welfare
失業(yè)保險(xiǎn) unemployment insurance
最低工資 minimum wage
醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn) health insurance
福利政策 welfare policies
絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì) absolute advantage
比較優(yōu)勢(shì) comparative advantage
自然稟賦 natural endowments
國(guó)際分工 international divide thework
垂直型國(guó)際分工 vertical international divide thework
水平型國(guó)際分工 level international divide the work
自由貿(mào)易 free trade
進(jìn)口 imports
出口 exports
進(jìn)口替代 import substitution
貿(mào)易赤字 trade deficit
貿(mào)易集團(tuán) trading blocs
橫向一體化 horizontal integration
縱向一體化 vertical integration
縱向合并 vertical merger
金融投資 financial investments
金融體系 financial system
開放經(jīng)濟(jì) open economy
封閉經(jīng)濟(jì) closed economy
資本流入 capital inflow
資本市場(chǎng) capital market
資本流出 capital outflow
公司 corporation
債務(wù) debt
發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家或工業(yè)化國(guó)家 developed or industrialized countries
發(fā)展中國(guó)家 developing countries
新興工業(yè)化國(guó)家 newly industrializedcountries, NICs
歐洲聯(lián)盟 European Union
北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū) North America Free Trade Area, NAFTA
具體勞動(dòng) concrete labour
抽象勞動(dòng) abstract labour
價(jià)值量 amount of value
個(gè)別勞動(dòng)時(shí)間 individual labour time
社會(huì)必要?jiǎng)趧?dòng)時(shí)間 socially necessary labour time
勞動(dòng)價(jià)值理論 labour theory of value
供求規(guī)律 law of the supply and demand
競(jìng)爭(zhēng)規(guī)律 law of the competition
價(jià)格機(jī)制 price mechanism
價(jià)值規(guī)律 law of the value
通貨緊縮 deflation
通貨膨脹 inflation
紙幣流通規(guī)律 law of the circulation of paper money
紙幣 paper money
貨幣流通規(guī)律 law of the circulation of money
價(jià)值符號(hào) symbols of value
信用貨幣 credit money
貨幣形式 money form
一般等價(jià)物 universal equivalent
相對(duì)價(jià)值形式 relative form of value
一般價(jià)值形式 universal form of value
等價(jià)形式 equivalent form of value
總和的或擴(kuò)大的價(jià)值形式 total or expanded form ofvalue
簡(jiǎn)單的或偶然的價(jià)值形式 elementary or accidental form ofvalue
價(jià)值形式 form of value
社會(huì)勞動(dòng) social labour
私人勞動(dòng) individual labour
勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率 labour productivity
復(fù)雜勞動(dòng) complex labour
簡(jiǎn)單勞動(dòng) simple labour
商品 commodities
商品交換 exchange ofcommodities
價(jià)值 value
交換價(jià)值 exchange value
使用價(jià)值 use value
資本 capital
資本總公式 general formula for capital
商品流通 circulation of commodities
勞動(dòng)力 labour power
勞動(dòng)力的使用價(jià)值 use value of the labourpower
勞動(dòng)力價(jià)值 value of labour power
雇傭勞動(dòng) hired labour
雇傭勞動(dòng)制度 hired labour system
勞動(dòng)過程 labour process
價(jià)值形成過程 process of creating value
價(jià)值增殖過程 process of producing surplus value
工作日 working day
必要?jiǎng)趧?dòng) necessary labour
剩余勞動(dòng) surplus labour
剩余價(jià)值 surplus value
不變資本 constant capital
可變資本 variable capital
剩余價(jià)值率 rate of surplus value
計(jì)件工資 piece wages
計(jì)時(shí)工資 time wages
名義工資 nominal wages
實(shí)際工資 real wages
絕對(duì)剩余價(jià)值 absolute surplus value
相對(duì)剩余價(jià)值 relative surplus value
超額剩余價(jià)值 extra surplus value
個(gè)別價(jià)值 individual value
社會(huì)價(jià)值 social value
剝削 exploitation
資本主義簡(jiǎn)單再生產(chǎn) capitalist simple reproduction
資本主義擴(kuò)大再生產(chǎn) capitalist reproduction on extended scale
資本原始積累 primitive accumulation of capital
資本技術(shù)構(gòu)成 technical composition of capital
資本價(jià)值構(gòu)成 value composition of capital
資本有機(jī)構(gòu)成 organic composition of capital
失業(yè) unemployment
相對(duì)過剩人口 relative surplus population
絕對(duì)過剩人口 absolute surplus population
流動(dòng)的過剩人口 floating surplus population
潛在的過剩人口 latent surplus population
停滯的過剩人口 stagnant surplus-population
資本集中 centralization of capital
資本積聚 concentration of capital
資本主義積累的歷史趨勢(shì) historical tendency of capitalist accumulation
資本主義積累的一般規(guī)律 general law of capitalist accumulation
成本價(jià)格 cost price
利潤(rùn) profit
利潤(rùn)率 rate of profit
平均利潤(rùn) average profit
平均利潤(rùn)率 average rate of profit
產(chǎn)業(yè)利潤(rùn) industrial profit
商業(yè)資本 commercial capital
商業(yè)利潤(rùn) commercial profit
借貸資本 loan capital
利息 interest
職能資本家 functional capitalist
銀行資本 banking capital
銀行利潤(rùn) profit of bank
資本主義地租 capitalist rent
級(jí)差地租 differential rent
絕對(duì)地租 absolute rent
超額利潤(rùn) extra profit
自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)資本主義 laisser-faire capitalism
壟斷資本主義 monopoly capitalism
圈地運(yùn)動(dòng) enclosure movement in England
生產(chǎn)集中 centralization of production
壟斷 monopoly
壟斷資本 monopoly capital
壟斷價(jià)格 monopoly price
壟斷利潤(rùn) monopoly profit
壟斷組織 monopolies
帝國(guó)主義 imperialism
短期價(jià)格協(xié)定 temporary price agreement
辛迪加 syndicate
卡特爾 cartel
托拉斯 trust
康采恩 konzern(concern)
國(guó)家壟斷資本主義 state monopoly capitalism
羅斯福新政 Rossevelt’s New Deal
福利國(guó)家制度 welfare state system
持股公司 holding company
資本主義基本矛盾 basic contradiction of capitalism
生產(chǎn)社會(huì)化 socialization of production
資本循環(huán) circuit of capital
資本周轉(zhuǎn) turnover of capital
產(chǎn)業(yè)資本 industrial capital
產(chǎn)業(yè)資本家 industrial capitalist
職能資本 functional capital
產(chǎn)業(yè)資本 industrial capital
貨幣資本 money capital
生產(chǎn)資本 productive capital
商品資本 commodity capital
流通過程 process of circulation
資本周轉(zhuǎn)速度 velocity of turnover of capital
資本周轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間 time of turnover of capital
流通時(shí)間 time of circulation
固定資本 fixed capital
流動(dòng)資本 circulating capital
固定資本磨損 wear and tear of fixed capital
有形磨損(物質(zhì)磨損) visible damage
無形磨損(精神磨損) moral depreciation
折舊 depreciation
預(yù)付資本 advanced capital
年剩余價(jià)值率 annual rate of surplus value
個(gè)別資本 individual capital
社會(huì)資本 social capital
社會(huì)資本的再生產(chǎn) reproduction of the social capital
社會(huì)總產(chǎn)品 aggregate social product
生產(chǎn)資料 means of production
消費(fèi)資料 means of subsistence
經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī) economic crisis
生產(chǎn)相對(duì)過剩 relative overproduction
危機(jī) crisis
蕭條 Depression
停滯膨脹 stagflation
生產(chǎn)無政府狀態(tài) anarchy of capitalist production
資本主義再生產(chǎn)的周期性 cyclical fluctuation of capitalist reproduction
固定資本更新 replacement of fixed capital
金融資本 financial capital
金融寡頭 financial oligarch
參與制 system of holdings
需求管理 demand management
財(cái)政政策 public finance policy
稅收政策 tax policy
財(cái)政支出 fiscalexpenditure
財(cái)政收入 fiscal revenues
時(shí)延 time lag
自動(dòng)穩(wěn)定器 built-in stabilizer
財(cái)政赤字 fiscal deficit
貨幣政策 monetary policy
公開市場(chǎng)業(yè)務(wù) open-market operations
法定準(zhǔn)備金率 legal reserve rate
再貼現(xiàn)利率 rediscount-rate
政府債券 government bond
資本主義國(guó)有化 capitalist nationalization
資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃化 planning incapitalist economy
反壟斷法 antitrust law
馬克思主義經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)著作在中國(guó)的傳播 dissemination of Marxist economic works in China
新民主主義經(jīng)濟(jì) new_democratic economy
新民主主義革命 new_democratic revolution
新民主主義三大經(jīng)濟(jì)綱領(lǐng) three general economic programmes for the Chinese new_democracy
公營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì) public economy
中國(guó)土地改革 land reform in China
從資本主義向社會(huì)主義的過渡 transition from capitalism to socialism
過渡時(shí)期多種經(jīng)濟(jì)成分 manifold economic sectors in the transition period
沒收官僚資本 confiscation of bureaucrat capital
穩(wěn)定物價(jià) stabilizing commodity prices
過渡時(shí)期總路線 general line for the transition period
中國(guó)的社會(huì)主義改造 socialist transformation in china
中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)的社會(huì)主義改造 socialist transformation of agriculture in China
農(nóng)業(yè)合作化 agricultural cooperation movement ofChina
農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)互助組 agricultural producers' mutual aid team
農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)合作社 agricultural producers' cooperative
初級(jí)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)合作社 elementary agricultural producers’cooperative
高級(jí)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)合作社 advanced agricultural producers’cooperative
中國(guó)手工業(yè)的社會(huì)主義改造 socialist transformation of the handicraft in China
中國(guó)資本主義工商業(yè)的社會(huì)主義改造 socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce in China
贖買政策 policy of redemption
中國(guó)過渡時(shí)期國(guó)家資本主義 national capitalism ofthe transition period in China
公私合營(yíng) joint state-private ownership
中國(guó)的社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段 primary stage ofsocialism in China
社會(huì)主義社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度 economic system ofsocialist society
社會(huì)主義生產(chǎn)方式 socialist mode ofproduction
計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy
社會(huì)主義基本經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律 basic economic law ofsocialism
按勞分配規(guī)律 law of distribution according to work
社會(huì)主義社會(huì)的生產(chǎn)資料所有制 owership of the means of production of socialist society
社會(huì)主義國(guó)家所有制 socialist state ownership
社會(huì)主義國(guó)營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì) socialist state operated economy
集體所有制 collective ownership
社會(huì)主義合作經(jīng)濟(jì) cooperative economy in socialist society
城鎮(zhèn)集體所有制經(jīng)濟(jì) collective economy in cities and towns
個(gè)體經(jīng)濟(jì) individual economy
私營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì) private sector of the economy
中外合營(yíng)企業(yè) Chinese-foreign joint ventures and co-operative enterprises
外商獨(dú)資企業(yè) exclusively foreign-owned enterprises
人民公社 people’s commune
社會(huì)主義社會(huì)的公共財(cái)產(chǎn) public property insocialist society
社會(huì)主義社會(huì)的個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn) individual property in socialistsociety
物質(zhì)鼓勵(lì)和精神鼓勵(lì)相結(jié)合 combination of material reward andmoral encouragement
社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) socialist market economy
計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy
市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì) market economy
公司 corporation
股票 equity
市場(chǎng) market
金融市場(chǎng) financial market
勞動(dòng)市場(chǎng) labor market
市場(chǎng)失靈 market failure
國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 gross domestic product
中央銀行 central bank
商業(yè)銀行 commercial bank
充分就業(yè) full-employment
經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng) economy growth
通貨膨脹 inflation
通貨膨脹率 inflation rate
通貨緊縮 deflation
社會(huì)保障 social insurance
社會(huì)福利 social welfare
失業(yè)保險(xiǎn) unemployment insurance
最低工資 minimum wage
醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn) health insurance
福利政策 welfare policies
絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì) absolute advantage
比較優(yōu)勢(shì) comparative advantage
自然稟賦 natural endowments
國(guó)際分工 international divide thework
垂直型國(guó)際分工 vertical international divide thework
水平型國(guó)際分工 level international divide the work
自由貿(mào)易 free trade
進(jìn)口 imports
出口 exports
進(jìn)口替代 import substitution
貿(mào)易赤字 trade deficit
貿(mào)易集團(tuán) trading blocs
橫向一體化 horizontal integration
縱向一體化 vertical integration
縱向合并 vertical merger
金融投資 financial investments
金融體系 financial system
開放經(jīng)濟(jì) open economy
封閉經(jīng)濟(jì) closed economy
資本流入 capital inflow
資本市場(chǎng) capital market
資本流出 capital outflow
公司 corporation
債務(wù) debt
發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家或工業(yè)化國(guó)家 developed or industrialized countries
發(fā)展中國(guó)家 developing countries
新興工業(yè)化國(guó)家 newly industrializedcountries, NICs
歐洲聯(lián)盟 European Union
北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū) North America Free Trade Area, NAFTA
亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
進(jìn)入障礙 barriers of entry
關(guān)稅壁壘 tariff wall
貿(mào)易壁壘 trade barrier
非關(guān)稅壁壘 non-tariff barriers
傾銷 dumping
匯率 exchange rate
出口導(dǎo)向型增長(zhǎng) export-led growth
多邊貿(mào)易 multilateral trade
保護(hù)主義 protectionism
幼稚產(chǎn)業(yè)保護(hù)論 infant industry argument for protection
知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán) intellectual property
共同基金 mutual fund
國(guó)際貿(mào)易 international trade
國(guó)際收支 balance of payments
經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化 globalization of economy
貿(mào)易 trade
金融 finance
生產(chǎn)全球化 globalization of production
貿(mào)易全球化 globalization of trade
資本全球化 globalization of capital
金融全球化 globalization of finance
資本輸出 export of capital
商品輸出 export of commodity
對(duì)外開放 opening to the world
社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì) socialist economy
信息經(jīng)濟(jì) informational economy
電子商務(wù) Electronic Commerce
跨國(guó)公司 Multinational Corporation
區(qū)域集團(tuán) regionally group
奴隸貿(mào)易 trade of slaves
殖民地 colony
世界市場(chǎng) market of world
勞務(wù) service
技術(shù) technology
信息 information
知識(shí) knowledge
自由貿(mào)易區(qū) free trade area
關(guān)稅同盟 customs union
關(guān)稅 tariff
進(jìn)口配額 quota of imports
共同市場(chǎng) commonmarket
產(chǎn)業(yè)政策 policy of industry
完全一體化 all-in-one
矛盾 contradiction
沖突 conflict
協(xié)調(diào) coordinate
合作 cooperate
經(jīng)濟(jì)格局 economic situation
國(guó)際貨幣基金組織 International Monetary Fund, IMF
進(jìn)入障礙 barriers of entry
關(guān)稅壁壘 tariff wall
貿(mào)易壁壘 trade barrier
非關(guān)稅壁壘 non-tariff barriers
傾銷 dumping
匯率 exchange rate
出口導(dǎo)向型增長(zhǎng) export-led growth
多邊貿(mào)易 multilateral trade
保護(hù)主義 protectionism
幼稚產(chǎn)業(yè)保護(hù)論 infant industry argument for protection
知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán) intellectual property
共同基金 mutual fund
國(guó)際貿(mào)易 international trade
國(guó)際收支 balance of payments
經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化 globalization of economy
貿(mào)易 trade
金融 finance
生產(chǎn)全球化 globalization of production
貿(mào)易全球化 globalization of trade
資本全球化 globalization of capital
金融全球化 globalization of finance
資本輸出 export of capital
商品輸出 export of commodity
對(duì)外開放 opening to the world
社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì) socialist economy
信息經(jīng)濟(jì) informational economy
電子商務(wù) Electronic Commerce
跨國(guó)公司 Multinational Corporation
區(qū)域集團(tuán) regionally group
奴隸貿(mào)易 trade of slaves
殖民地 colony
世界市場(chǎng) market of world
勞務(wù) service
技術(shù) technology
信息 information
知識(shí) knowledge
自由貿(mào)易區(qū) free trade area
關(guān)稅同盟 customs union
關(guān)稅 tariff
進(jìn)口配額 quota of imports
共同市場(chǎng) commonmarket
產(chǎn)業(yè)政策 policy of industry
完全一體化 all-in-one
矛盾 contradiction
沖突 conflict
協(xié)調(diào) coordinate
合作 cooperate
經(jīng)濟(jì)格局 economic situation
國(guó)際貨幣基金組織 International Monetary Fund, IMF
世界銀行 WorldBank
世界貿(mào)易組織 World Trade Organization, WTO
經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與開發(fā)組織 Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, OECD
政府首腦 head of government
國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序 order of the international economy
工業(yè)制成品 industry products
初級(jí)產(chǎn)品 primary products
不平衡性 imbalance
后發(fā)優(yōu)勢(shì) advantage oflatercomer
機(jī)遇 opportunity
挑戰(zhàn) challenge
貿(mào)易條件 condition of trade
新殖民主義 the new-colonialism
戰(zhàn)略格局 stratagem structure
經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū) special economic zone
國(guó)民待遇 national treatment
獨(dú)立自主 paddle one's own canoe
自力更生 self-dependence
經(jīng)濟(jì)安全 safety of economy
世界貿(mào)易組織 World Trade Organization, WTO
經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與開發(fā)組織 Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, OECD
政府首腦 head of government
國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序 order of the international economy
工業(yè)制成品 industry products
初級(jí)產(chǎn)品 primary products
不平衡性 imbalance
后發(fā)優(yōu)勢(shì) advantage oflatercomer
機(jī)遇 opportunity
挑戰(zhàn) challenge
貿(mào)易條件 condition of trade
新殖民主義 the new-colonialism
戰(zhàn)略格局 stratagem structure
經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū) special economic zone
國(guó)民待遇 national treatment
獨(dú)立自主 paddle one's own canoe
自力更生 self-dependence
經(jīng)濟(jì)安全 safety of economy
